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<PubmedArticle><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Manual"><PMID Version="1">11972042</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2002</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>11</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2022</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>09</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0027-8424</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>99</Volume><Issue>9</Issue><PubDate><Year>2002</Year><Month>Apr</Month><Day>30</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Naturally occurring rhodopsin mutation in the dog causes retinal dysfunction and degeneration mimicking human dominant retinitis pigmentosa.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><StartPage>6328</StartPage><EndPage>6333</EndPage><MedlinePgn>6328-33</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Rhodopsin is the G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by light and initiates the transduction cascade leading to night (rod) vision. Naturally occurring pathogenic rhodopsin (RHO) mutations have been previously identified only in humans and are a common cause of dominantly inherited blindness from retinal degeneration. We identified English Mastiff dogs with a naturally occurring dominant retinal degeneration and determined the cause to be a point mutation in the RHO gene (Thr4Arg). Dogs with this mutant allele manifest a retinal phenotype that closely mimics that in humans with RHO mutations. The phenotypic features shared by dog and man include a dramatically slowed time course of recovery of rod photoreceptor function after light exposure and a distinctive topographic pattern to the retinal degeneration. The canine disease offers opportunities to explore the basis of prolonged photoreceptor recovery after light in RHO mutations and determine whether there are links between the dysfunction and apoptotic retinal cell death. The RHO mutant dog also becomes the large animal needed for preclinical trials of therapies for a major subset of human retinopathies.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kijas</LastName><ForeName>James W</ForeName><Initials>JW</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>James A. Baker Institute for Animal Health, Cornell University, 47 Hungerford Hill Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cideciyan</LastName><ForeName>Artur V</ForeName><Initials>AV</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aleman</LastName><ForeName>Tomas S</ForeName><Initials>TS</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pianta</LastName><ForeName>Michael J</ForeName><Initials>MJ</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pearce-Kelling</LastName><ForeName>Susan E</ForeName><Initials>SE</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Miller</LastName><ForeName>Brian J</ForeName><Initials>BJ</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jacobson</LastName><ForeName>Samuel G</ForeName><Initials>SG</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Aguirre</LastName><ForeName>Gustavo D</ForeName><Initials>GD</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Acland</LastName><ForeName>Gregory M</ForeName><Initials>GM</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><DataBankList CompleteYN="Y"><DataBank><DataBankName>GENBANK</DataBankName><AccessionNumberList><AccessionNumber>AY092841</AccessionNumber></AccessionNumberList></DataBank></DataBankList><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>EY13203</GrantID><Acronym>EY</Acronym><Agency>NEI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>EY05627</GrantID><Acronym>EY</Acronym><Agency>NEI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>EY13369</GrantID><Acronym>EY</Acronym><Agency>NEI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 EY006855</GrantID><Acronym>EY</Acronym><Agency>NEI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>EY06855</GrantID><Acronym>EY</Acronym><Agency>NEI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 EY013132</GrantID><Acronym>EY</Acronym><Agency>NEI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>R01 EY013203</GrantID><Acronym>EY</Acronym><Agency>NEI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant><Grant><GrantID>EY13132</GrantID><Acronym>EY</Acronym><Agency>NEI NIH HHS</Agency><Country>United States</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013487">Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2002</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>23</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>7505876</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0027-8424</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>9009-81-8</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D012243">Rhodopsin</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002462" MajorTopicYN="N">Cell Membrane</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004252" MajorTopicYN="N">DNA Mutational Analysis</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004285" MajorTopicYN="N">Dogs</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004596" MajorTopicYN="N">Electroretinography</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005799" MajorTopicYN="N">Genes, Dominant</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008040" MajorTopicYN="N">Genetic Linkage</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007150" MajorTopicYN="N">Immunohistochemistry</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008969" MajorTopicYN="N">Molecular Sequence Data</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009154" MajorTopicYN="Y">Mutation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010641" MajorTopicYN="N">Phenotype</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010786" MajorTopicYN="N">Photoreceptor Cells</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017354" MajorTopicYN="N">Point Mutation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017433" MajorTopicYN="N">Protein Structure, Secondary</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012174" MajorTopicYN="N">Retinitis Pigmentosa</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012243" MajorTopicYN="N">Rhodopsin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013997" MajorTopicYN="N">Time Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014054" MajorTopicYN="N">Tomography</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014960" MajorTopicYN="N">X Chromosome</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2002</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>10</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2002</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>12</Day><Hour>10</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2002</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>10</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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