{"PubmedArticle":{"MedlineCitation":{"@attributes":{"Status":"MEDLINE","Owner":"NLM","IndexingMethod":"Manual"},"PMID":{"@attributes":{"Version":"1"},"@text":"16390824"},"DateCompleted":{"Year":"2006","Month":"03","Day":"16"},"DateRevised":{"Year":"2013","Month":"11","Day":"21"},"Article":{"@attributes":{"PubModel":"Print"},"Journal":{"ISSN":{"@attributes":{"IssnType":"Print"},"@text":"1071-5762"},"JournalIssue":{"@attributes":{"CitedMedium":"Print"},"Volume":"40","Issue":"2","PubDate":{"Year":"2006","Month":"Feb"}},"Title":"Free radical research","ISOAbbreviation":"Free Radic Res"},"ArticleTitle":"Nitrotyrosine formation and apoptosis in rat models of ocular injury.","Pagination":{"StartPage":"147","EndPage":"153","MedlinePgn":"147-53"},"Abstract":{"AbstractText":["This study was performed to examine inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS-2) expression, nitrotyrosine formation and apoptosis in rats with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and\/or ocular inflammation. Ocular inflammation was induced via injection of intra-vitreal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) while IOP was elevated by episcleral vessel cauterization. Animals were randomized to one of the following conditions: elevated IOP, LPS, elevated IOP+LPS, and control. Immunohistochemical staining and western blot analysis of retinal lysates revealed NOS-2 and nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity in all disease groups. NOS-2 expression and protein nitration was significantly greater in rats with elevated IOP+LPS compared to elevated IOP, LPS, and control groups. Nitrite levels in the retina affirmed significantly increased levels of nitric oxide generation in LPS-treated rats with elevated IOP (346+\/-23.8 microM) vs LPS-treated, elevated IOP and control groups (195.6+\/-12.6, 130+\/-2.5 and 76.6+\/-15.6 microM, respectively). Retinal TUNEL staining showed apoptosis in all diseased groups. Percent of apoptotic cells was significantly greater in the elevated IOP+LPS group compared to LPS-treated or elevated IOP groups. Presented data illustrates that both elevated IOP and ocular inflammation augment NOS-2 expression, retinal protein nitration and apoptosis in rats."]},"AuthorList":{"@attributes":{"CompleteYN":"Y"},"Author":[{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Aslan","ForeName":"Mutay","Initials":"M","AffiliationInfo":[{"Affiliation":"Akdeniz University Medical School, Department of Biochemistry, Antalya, 07070, Turkey. mutayaslan@akdeniz.edu.tr"}]},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Y\u00fccel","ForeName":"Iclal","Initials":"I"},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Akar","ForeName":"Yusuf","Initials":"Y"},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Y\u00fccel","ForeName":"G\u00fcltekin","Initials":"G"},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Cift\u00e7io\u011flu","ForeName":"M Akif","Initials":"MA"},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Sanlioglu","ForeName":"Salih","Initials":"S"}]},"Language":["eng"],"PublicationTypeList":{"PublicationType":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"D003160"},"@text":"Comparative Study"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"D016428"},"@text":"Journal Article"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"D013485"},"@text":"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"}]}},"MedlineJournalInfo":{"Country":"England","MedlineTA":"Free Radic Res","NlmUniqueID":"9423872","ISSNLinking":"1029-2470"},"ChemicalList":{"Chemical":[{"RegistryNumber":"0","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D008070"},"@text":"Lipopolysaccharides"}},{"RegistryNumber":"0","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D009566"},"@text":"Nitrates"}},{"RegistryNumber":"0","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D009573"},"@text":"Nitrites"}},{"RegistryNumber":"3604-79-3","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"C002744"},"@text":"3-nitrotyrosine"}},{"RegistryNumber":"42HK56048U","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D014443"},"@text":"Tyrosine"}},{"RegistryNumber":"EC 1.14.13.39","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D052247"},"@text":"Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II"}},{"RegistryNumber":"EC 1.14.13.39","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"C496318"},"@text":"Nos2 protein, rat"}}]},"CitationSubset":["IM"],"MeshHeadingList":{"MeshHeading":[{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D000818","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Animals"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D017209","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"Apoptosis"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D015153","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Blotting, Western"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D005131","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Eye Injuries"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000378","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"metabolism"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000473","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"pathology"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D020287","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"In Situ Nick-End Labeling"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D008070","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Lipopolysaccharides"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000494","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"pharmacology"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D008297","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Male"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D023421","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"Models, Animal"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D009566","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Nitrates"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000378","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"metabolism"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D052247","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000378","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"metabolism"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D009573","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Nitrites"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000378","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"metabolism"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D051381","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Rats"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D017208","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Rats, Wistar"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D012160","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Retina"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000378","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"metabolism"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D014443","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Tyrosine"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000031","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"analogs & derivatives"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000378","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"metabolism"}]}]}},"PubmedData":{"History":{"PubMedPubDate":[{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"pubmed"},"Year":"2006","Month":"1","Day":"5","Hour":"9","Minute":"0"},{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"medline"},"Year":"2006","Month":"3","Day":"17","Hour":"9","Minute":"0"},{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"entrez"},"Year":"2006","Month":"1","Day":"5","Hour":"9","Minute":"0"}]},"PublicationStatus":"ppublish","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"16390824"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"doi"},"@text":"10.1080\/10715760500456219"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pii"},"@text":"G0261483580471K2"}]}}}}