{"PubmedArticle":{"MedlineCitation":{"@attributes":{"Status":"MEDLINE","Owner":"NLM","IndexingMethod":"Manual"},"PMID":{"@attributes":{"Version":"1"},"@text":"20381352"},"DateCompleted":{"Year":"2011","Month":"11","Day":"08"},"DateRevised":{"Year":"2019","Month":"06","Day":"21"},"Article":{"@attributes":{"PubModel":"Print-Electronic"},"Journal":{"ISSN":{"@attributes":{"IssnType":"Electronic"},"@text":"1879-0445"},"JournalIssue":{"@attributes":{"CitedMedium":"Internet"},"Volume":"20","Issue":"8","PubDate":{"Year":"2010","Month":"Apr","Day":"27"}},"Title":"Current biology : CB","ISOAbbreviation":"Curr Biol"},"ArticleTitle":"The nodal inhibitor Coco is a critical target of leftward flow in Xenopus.","Pagination":{"StartPage":"738","EndPage":"743","MedlinePgn":"738-43"},"ELocationID":[{"@attributes":{"EIdType":"doi","ValidYN":"Y"},"@text":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.02.061"}],"Abstract":{"AbstractText":["Vertebrate laterality, which is manifested by asymmetrically placed organs [1], depends on asymmetric activation of the Nodal signaling cascade in the left lateral plate mesoderm [2]. In fish, amphibians, and mammals, a cilia-driven leftward flow of extracellular fluid acts upstream of the Nodal cascade [3-6]. The direct target of flow has remained elusive. In Xenopus, flow occurs at the gastrocoel roof plate (GRP) in the dorsal midline of the embryo [4, 7]. The GRP is bordered by a second, bilaterally symmetrical Nodal expression domain [8]. Here we identify the Nodal inhibitor Coco as a critical target of flow. Coco and Xenopus Nodal-related 1 (Xnr1) are coexpressed in the lateralmost ciliated GRP cells. Coco becomes downregulated on the left side of the GRP as a direct readout of flow. Ablation of flow prevented Coco repression, whereas Xnr1 expression was independent of flow. Loss of flow-induced laterality defects were rescued by knockdown of Coco on the left side. Parallel knockdown of Coco and Xnr1 in GRP cells restored laterality defects in flow-impaired embryos, demonstrating that Coco acted through GRP-expressed Xnr1. Coco thus acts as a critical target of flow, suggesting that symmetry is broken by flow-mediated left-asymmetric release of Nodal repression at the midline."],"CopyrightInformation":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved."},"AuthorList":{"@attributes":{"CompleteYN":"Y"},"Author":[{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Schweickert","ForeName":"Axel","Initials":"A","AffiliationInfo":[{"Affiliation":"Institute of Zoology, University of Hohenheim, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany."}]},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Vick","ForeName":"Philipp","Initials":"P"},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Getwan","ForeName":"Maike","Initials":"M"},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Weber","ForeName":"Thomas","Initials":"T"},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Schneider","ForeName":"Isabelle","Initials":"I"},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Eberhardt","ForeName":"Melanie","Initials":"M"},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Beyer","ForeName":"Tina","Initials":"T"},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Pachur","ForeName":"Anke","Initials":"A"},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Blum","ForeName":"Martin","Initials":"M"}]},"Language":["eng"],"PublicationTypeList":{"PublicationType":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"D016428"},"@text":"Journal Article"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"D013485"},"@text":"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"}]},"ArticleDate":[{"@attributes":{"DateType":"Electronic"},"Year":"2010","Month":"04","Day":"08"}]},"MedlineJournalInfo":{"Country":"England","MedlineTA":"Curr Biol","NlmUniqueID":"9107782","ISSNLinking":"0960-9822"},"ChemicalList":{"Chemical":[{"RegistryNumber":"0","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"C473314"},"@text":"DAND5 protein, Xenopus"}},{"RegistryNumber":"0","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D055457"},"@text":"Nodal Protein"}},{"RegistryNumber":"0","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D029867"},"@text":"Xenopus Proteins"}},{"RegistryNumber":"0","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"C512833"},"@text":"nodal1 protein, Xenopus"}}]},"CitationSubset":["IM"],"MeshHeadingList":{"MeshHeading":[{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D000818","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Animals"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D004625","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Embryo, Nonmammalian"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000166","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"cytology"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000502","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"physiology"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D004627","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Embryonic Induction"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D009024","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Morphogenesis"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000502","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"physiology"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D055457","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Nodal Protein"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000037","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"antagonists & inhibitors"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000378","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"metabolism"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D015398","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Signal Transduction"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000502","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"physiology"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D029867","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Xenopus Proteins"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000235","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"genetics"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000378","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"metabolism"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D014982","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Xenopus laevis"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000033","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"anatomy & histology"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000196","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"embryology"}]}]}},"PubmedData":{"History":{"PubMedPubDate":[{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"received"},"Year":"2009","Month":"10","Day":"30"},{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"revised"},"Year":"2010","Month":"2","Day":"11"},{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"accepted"},"Year":"2010","Month":"2","Day":"17"},{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"entrez"},"Year":"2010","Month":"4","Day":"13","Hour":"6","Minute":"0"},{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"pubmed"},"Year":"2010","Month":"4","Day":"13","Hour":"6","Minute":"0"},{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"medline"},"Year":"2011","Month":"11","Day":"9","Hour":"6","Minute":"0"}]},"PublicationStatus":"ppublish","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"20381352"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"doi"},"@text":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.02.061"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pii"},"@text":"S0960-9822(10)00334-9"}]}}}}