{"PubmedArticle":{"MedlineCitation":{"@attributes":{"Status":"MEDLINE","Owner":"NLM","IndexingMethod":"Manual"},"PMID":{"@attributes":{"Version":"1"},"@text":"21048141"},"DateCompleted":{"Year":"2010","Month":"12","Day":"08"},"DateRevised":{"Year":"2025","Month":"05","Day":"29"},"Article":{"@attributes":{"PubModel":"Print"},"Journal":{"ISSN":{"@attributes":{"IssnType":"Electronic"},"@text":"1529-2401"},"JournalIssue":{"@attributes":{"CitedMedium":"Internet"},"Volume":"30","Issue":"44","PubDate":{"Year":"2010","Month":"Nov","Day":"03"}},"Title":"The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience","ISOAbbreviation":"J Neurosci"},"ArticleTitle":"The mouse homeobox gene Gbx2 is required for the development of cholinergic interneurons in the striatum.","Pagination":{"StartPage":"14824","EndPage":"14834","MedlinePgn":"14824-34"},"ELocationID":[{"@attributes":{"EIdType":"doi","ValidYN":"Y"},"@text":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3742-10.2010"}],"Abstract":{"AbstractText":["Mammalian forebrain cholinergic neurons are composed of local circuit neurons in the striatum and projection neurons in the basal forebrain. These neurons are known to arise from a common pool of progenitors that primarily resides in the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE). However, little is known about the genetic programs that differentiate these two types of cholinergic neurons. Using inducible genetic fate mapping, here we examined the developmental fate of cells that express the homeodomain transcription factor Gbx2 in the MGE. We show that the Gbx2 lineage-derived cells that undergo tangential migration exclusively give rise to almost all cholinergic interneurons in the striatum, whereas those undergoing radial migration mainly produce noncholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. Deletion of Gbx2 throughout the mouse embryo or specifically in the MGE results in abnormal distribution and significant reduction of cholinergic neurons in the striatum. We show that early-born (before embryonic day 12.5) cholinergic interneurons preferentially populate the lateral aspect of the striatum and mature earlier than late-born (after embryonic day 12.5) neurons, which normally reside in the medial part of the striatum. In the absence of Gbx2, early-born striatal cholinergic precursors display abnormal neurite outgrowth and increased complexity, and abnormally contribute to the medial part of the caudate-putamen, whereas late-born striatal cholinergic interneurons are mostly missing. Together, our data demonstrate that Gbx2 is required for the development of striatal cholinergic interneurons, perhaps by regulating tangential migration of the striatal cholinergic precursors."]},"AuthorList":{"@attributes":{"CompleteYN":"Y"},"Author":[{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Chen","ForeName":"Li","Initials":"L","AffiliationInfo":[{"Affiliation":"Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030-6403, USA."}]},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Chatterjee","ForeName":"Mallika","Initials":"M"},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Li","ForeName":"James Y H","Initials":"JY"}]},"Language":["eng"],"GrantList":{"@attributes":{"CompleteYN":"Y"},"Grant":[{"GrantID":"R01 HD050474","Acronym":"HD","Agency":"NICHD NIH HHS","Country":"United States"}]},"PublicationTypeList":{"PublicationType":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"D016428"},"@text":"Journal Article"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"D052061"},"@text":"Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"D013485"},"@text":"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"}]}},"MedlineJournalInfo":{"Country":"United States","MedlineTA":"J Neurosci","NlmUniqueID":"8102140","ISSNLinking":"0270-6474"},"ChemicalList":{"Chemical":[{"RegistryNumber":"0","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"C513182"},"@text":"Gbx2 protein, mouse"}},{"RegistryNumber":"0","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D018398"},"@text":"Homeodomain Proteins"}},{"RegistryNumber":"N9YNS0M02X","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D000109"},"@text":"Acetylcholine"}}]},"CitationSubset":["IM"],"MeshHeadingList":{"MeshHeading":[{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D000109","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Acetylcholine"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000502","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"physiology"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D000818","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Animals"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D002454","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Cell Differentiation"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000235","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"genetics"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D019070","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Cell Lineage"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000235","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"genetics"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D002465","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Cell Movement"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000235","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"genetics"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D005260","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Female"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D018507","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000235","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"genetics"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D055879","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Gene Knock-In Techniques"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000379","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"methods"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D018398","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Homeodomain Proteins"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000235","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"genetics"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000502","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"physiology"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D007395","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Interneurons"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000166","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"cytology"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000502","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"physiology"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D008297","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Male"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D051379","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Mice"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D018345","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Mice, Knockout"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D008822","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Mice, Transgenic"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D017072","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Neostriatum"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000166","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"cytology"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000196","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"embryology"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000378","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"metabolism"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D058953","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Neural Stem Cells"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000166","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"cytology"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000502","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"physiology"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D055495","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Neurogenesis"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000235","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"genetics"}]}]}},"PubmedData":{"History":{"PubMedPubDate":[{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"entrez"},"Year":"2010","Month":"11","Day":"5","Hour":"6","Minute":"0"},{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"pubmed"},"Year":"2010","Month":"11","Day":"5","Hour":"6","Minute":"0"},{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"medline"},"Year":"2010","Month":"12","Day":"14","Hour":"6","Minute":"0"},{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"pmc-release"},"Year":"2011","Month":"5","Day":"3"}]},"PublicationStatus":"ppublish","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"21048141"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"mid"},"@text":"NIHMS250395"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC3071646"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"doi"},"@text":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3742-10.2010"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pii"},"@text":"30\/44\/14824"}]},"ReferenceList":[{"Reference":[{"Citation":"Alifragis P, Liapi A, Parnavelas JG. Lhx6 regulates the migration of cortical interneurons from the ventral telencephalon but does not specify their GABA phenotype. J Neurosci. 2004;24:5643\u20135648.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC6729337"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"15201337"}]}},{"Citation":"Anderson S, Mione M, Yun K, Rubenstein JL. Differential origins of neocortical projection and local circuit neurons: role of Dlx genes in neocortical interneuronogenesis. Cereb Cortex. 1999;9:646\u2013654.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"10498283"}]}},{"Citation":"Asbreuk CH, van Schaick HS, Cox JJ, Kromkamp M, Smidt MP, Burbach JP. The homeobox genes Lhx7 and Gbx1 are expressed in the basal forebrain cholinergic system. Neuroscience. 2002;109:287\u2013298.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"11801365"}]}},{"Citation":"Berger-Sweeney J. The cholinergic basal forebrain system during development and its influence on cognitive processes: important questions and potential answers. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2003;27:401\u2013411.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"12946692"}]}},{"Citation":"Bern\u00e1cer J, Prensa L, Gim\u00e9nez-Amaya JM. Cholinergic interneurons are differentially distributed in the human striatum. PLoS One. 2007;2:e1174.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC2137841"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"18080007"}]}},{"Citation":"Bulfone A, Puelles L, Porteus MH, Frohman MA, Martin GR, Rubenstein JL. Spatially restricted expression of Dlx-1, Dlx-2 (Tes-1), Gbx-2, and Wnt- 3 in the embryonic day 12.5 mouse forebrain defines potential transverse and longitudinal segmental boundaries. J Neurosci. 1993;13:3155\u20133172.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC6576688"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"7687285"}]}},{"Citation":"Chen L, Guo Q, Li JY. Transcription factor Gbx2 acts cell-nonautonomously to regulate the formation of lineage-restriction boundaries of the thalamus. Development. 2009;136:1317\u20131326.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC2687463"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"19279136"}]}},{"Citation":"Cobos I, Borello U, Rubenstein JL. Dlx transcription factors promote migration through repression of axon and dendrite growth. Neuron. 2007;54:873\u2013888.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC4921237"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"17582329"}]}},{"Citation":"Elshatory Y, Gan L. The LIM-homeobox gene Islet-1 is required for the development of restricted forebrain cholinergic neurons. J Neurosci. 2008;28:3291\u20133297.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC2786914"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"18367596"}]}},{"Citation":"Fagan AM, Garber M, Barbacid M, Silos-Santiago I, Holtzman DM. A role for TrkA during maturation of striatal and basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in vivo. J Neurosci. 1997;17:7644\u20137654.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC6793909"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"9315886"}]}},{"Citation":"Fragkouli A, Hearn C, Errington M, Cooke S, Grigoriou M, Bliss T, Stylianopoulou F, Pachnis V. Loss of forebrain cholinergic neurons and impairment in spatial learning and memory in LHX7-deficient mice. Eur J Neurosci. 2005;21:2923\u20132938.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"15978004"}]}},{"Citation":"Furusho M, Ono K, Takebayashi H, Masahira N, Kagawa T, Ikeda K, Ikenaka K. Involvement of the Olig2 transcription factor in cholinergic neuron development of the basal forebrain. Dev Biol. 2006;293:348\u2013357.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"16537079"}]}},{"Citation":"Gerfen CR. The neostriatal mosaic: multiple levels of compartmental organization. Trends Neurosci. 1992;15:133\u2013139.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"1374971"}]}},{"Citation":"Gould E, Woolf NJ, Butcher LL. Postnatal development of cholinergic neurons in the rat: I. Forebrain. Brain Res Bull. 1991;27:767\u2013789.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"1664779"}]}},{"Citation":"Guo Q, Li JY. Distinct functions of the major Fgf8 spliceform, Fgf8b, before and during mouse gastrulation. Development. 2007;134:2251\u20132260.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC2518685"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"17507393"}]}},{"Citation":"Hefti F. Nerve growth factor promotes survival of septal cholinergic neurons after fimbrial transections. J Neurosci. 1986;6:2155\u20132162.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC6568758"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"3746405"}]}},{"Citation":"Hevner RF, Miyashita-Lin E, Rubenstein JL. Cortical and thalamic axon pathfinding defects in Tbr1, Gbx2, and Pax6 mutant mice: evidence that cortical and thalamic axons interact and guide each other. J Comp Neurol. 2002;447:8\u201317.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"11967891"}]}},{"Citation":"Howell BW, Hawkes R, Soriano P, Cooper JA. Neuronal position in the developing brain is regulated by mouse disabled-1. Nature. 1997;389:733\u2013737.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"9338785"}]}},{"Citation":"Joyner AL, Zervas M. Genetic inducible fate mapping in mouse: establishing genetic lineages and defining genetic neuroanatomy in the nervous system. Dev Dyn. 2006;235:2376\u20132385.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"16871622"}]}},{"Citation":"Kaneko S, Hikida T, Watanabe D, Ichinose H, Nagatsu T, Kreitman RJ, Pastan I, Nakanishi S. Synaptic integration mediated by striatal cholinergic interneurons in basal ganglia function. Science. 2000;289:633\u2013637.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"10915629"}]}},{"Citation":"Li JY, Joyner AL. Otx2 and Gbx2 are required for refinement and not induction of mid-hindbrain gene expression. Development. 2001;128:4979\u20134991.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"11748135"}]}},{"Citation":"Li JY, Lao Z, Joyner AL. Changing requirements for Gbx2 in development of the cerebellum and maintenance of the mid\/hindbrain organizer. Neuron. 2002;36:31\u201343.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"12367504"}]}},{"Citation":"Li Y, Holtzman DM, Kromer LF, Kaplan DR, Chua-Couzens J, Clary DO, Kn\u00fcsel B, Mobley WC. Regulation of TrkA and ChAT expression in developing rat basal forebrain: evidence that both exogenous and endogenous NGF regulate differentiation of cholinergic neurons. J Neurosci. 1995;15:2888\u20132905.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC6577746"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"7536822"}]}},{"Citation":"Liodis P, Denaxa M, Grigoriou M, Akufo-Addo C, Yanagawa Y, Pachnis V. Lhx6 activity is required for the normal migration and specification of cortical interneuron subtypes. J Neurosci. 2007;27:3078\u20133089.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC6672459"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"17376969"}]}},{"Citation":"Lucidi-Phillipi CA, Clary DO, Reichardt LF, Gage FH. TrkA activation is sufficient to rescue axotomized cholinergic neurons. Neuron. 1996;16:653\u2013663.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC2757416"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"8785062"}]}},{"Citation":"Madisen L, Zwingman TA, Sunkin SM, Oh SW, Zariwala HA, Gu H, Ng LL, Palmiter RD, Hawrylycz MJ, Jones AR, Lein ES, Zeng H. A robust and high-throughput Cre reporting and characterization system for the whole mouse brain. Nat Neurosci. 2009;13:133\u2013140.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC2840225"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"20023653"}]}},{"Citation":"Mar\u00edn O, Rubenstein JL. A long, remarkable journey: tangential migration in the telencephalon. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2001;2:780\u2013790.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"11715055"}]}},{"Citation":"Mar\u00edn O, Anderson SA, Rubenstein JL. Origin and molecular specification of striatal interneurons. J Neurosci. 2000;20:6063\u20136076.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC6772576"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"10934256"}]}},{"Citation":"Mesulam MM, Mufson EJ, Wainer BH, Levey AI. Central cholinergic pathways in the rat: an overview based on an alternative nomenclature (Ch1-Ch6) Neuroscience. 1983;10:1185\u20131201.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"6320048"}]}},{"Citation":"Miyashita-Lin EM, Hevner R, Wassarman KM, Martinez S, Rubenstein JL. Early neocortical regionalization in the absence of thalamic innervation. Science. 1999;285:906\u2013909.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"10436162"}]}},{"Citation":"Mobley WC, Woo JE, Edwards RH, Riopelle RJ, Longo FM, Weskamp G, Otten U, Valletta JS, Johnston MV. Developmental regulation of nerve growth factor and its receptor in the rat caudate-putamen. Neuron. 1989;3:655\u2013664.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"2561975"}]}},{"Citation":"Mori T, Yuxing Z, Takaki H, Takeuchi M, Iseki K, Hagino S, Kitanaka J, Takemura M, Misawa H, Ikawa M, Okabe M, Wanaka A. The LIM homeobox gene, L3\/Lhx8, is necessary for proper development of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. Eur J Neurosci. 2004;19:3129\u20133141.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"15217369"}]}},{"Citation":"Nagy A, Gertsenstein M., Vintersten K., Behringer R. Ed 3. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; 2003. Manipulating the mouse embryo."},{"Citation":"Olsson M, Bj\u00f6rklund A, Campbell K. Early specification of striatal projection neurons and interneuronal subtypes in the lateral and medial ganglionic eminence. Neuroscience. 1998;84:867\u2013876.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"9579790"}]}},{"Citation":"Paxinos G, Franklin KBJ. Ed 2. Amsterdam, Boston: Elsevier Academic; 2004. The mouse brain in stereotaxic coordinates, Compact."},{"Citation":"Phelps PE, Brady DR, Vaughn JE. The generation and differentiation of cholinergic neurons in rat caudate-putamen. Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 1989;46:47\u201360.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"2706771"}]}},{"Citation":"Pisani A, Bernardi G, Ding J, Surmeier DJ. Re-emergence of striatal cholinergic interneurons in movement disorders. Trends Neurosci. 2007;30:545\u2013553.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"17904652"}]}},{"Citation":"Rhinn M, Lun K, Amores A, Yan YL, Postlethwait JH, Brand M. Cloning, expression and relationship of zebrafish gbx1 and gbx2 genes to Fgf signaling. Mech Dev. 2003;120:919\u2013936.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"12963112"}]}},{"Citation":"Rhinn M, Lun K, Werner M, Simeone A, Brand M. Isolation and expression of the homeobox gene Gbx1 during mouse development. Dev Dyn. 2004;229:334\u2013339.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"14745958"}]}},{"Citation":"Semba K, Fibiger HC. Time of origin of cholinergic neurons in the rat basal forebrain. J Comp Neurol. 1988;269:87\u201395.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"3361006"}]}},{"Citation":"Smythies J. Section I. The cholinergic system. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2005;64:1\u2013122.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"16096020"}]}},{"Citation":"Soriano P. Generalized lacZ expression with the ROSA26 Cre reporter strain. Nat Genet. 1999;21:70\u201371.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"9916792"}]}},{"Citation":"Srinivas S, Watanabe T, Lin CS, William CM, Tanabe Y, Jessell TM, Costantini F. Cre reporter strains produced by targeted insertion of EYFP and ECFP into the ROSA26 locus. BMC Dev Biol. 2001;1:4.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC31338"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"11299042"}]}},{"Citation":"Sunmonu NA, Chen L, Li JY. Misexpression of Gbx2 throughout the mesencephalon by a conditional gain-of-function transgene leads to deletion of the midbrain and cerebellum in mice. Genesis. 2009;47:667\u2013673.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC2783588"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"19603509"}]}},{"Citation":"Sussel L, Marin O, Kimura S, Rubenstein JL. Loss of Nkx2.1 homeobox gene function results in a ventral to dorsal molecular respecification within the basal telencephalon: evidence for a transformation of the pallidum into the striatum. Development. 1999;126:3359\u20133370.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"10393115"}]}},{"Citation":"Wassarman KM, Lewandoski M, Campbell K, Joyner AL, Rubenstein JL, Martinez S, Martin GR. Specification of the anterior hindbrain and establishment of a normal mid\/hindbrain organizer is dependent on Gbx2 gene function. Development. 1997;124:2923\u20132934.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"9247335"}]}},{"Citation":"Waters ST, Wilson CP, Lewandoski M. Cloning and embryonic expression analysis of the mouse Gbx1 gene. Gene Expr Patterns. 2003;3:313\u2013317.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"12799077"}]}},{"Citation":"Wonders CP, Anderson SA. The origin and specification of cortical interneurons. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006;7:687\u2013696.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"16883309"}]}},{"Citation":"Xu Q, Tam M, Anderson SA. Fate mapping Nkx2.1-lineage cells in the mouse telencephalon. J Comp Neurol. 2008;506:16\u201329.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"17990269"}]}},{"Citation":"Zhao Y, Mar\u00edn O, Hermesz E, Powell A, Flames N, Palkovits M, Rubenstein JL, Westphal H. The LIM-homeobox gene Lhx8 is required for the development of many cholinergic neurons in the mouse forebrain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003;100:9005\u20139010.","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pmc"},"@text":"PMC166428"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"12855770"}]}}]}]}}}