{"PubmedArticle":{"MedlineCitation":{"@attributes":{"Status":"MEDLINE","Owner":"NLM","IndexingMethod":"Manual"},"PMID":{"@attributes":{"Version":"1"},"@text":"2244790"},"DateCompleted":{"Year":"1991","Month":"01","Day":"03"},"DateRevised":{"Year":"2019","Month":"09","Day":"03"},"Article":{"@attributes":{"PubModel":"Print"},"Journal":{"ISSN":{"@attributes":{"IssnType":"Print"},"@text":"0302-8933"},"JournalIssue":{"@attributes":{"CitedMedium":"Print"},"Volume":"154","Issue":"4","PubDate":{"Year":"1990"}},"Title":"Archives of microbiology","ISOAbbreviation":"Arch Microbiol"},"ArticleTitle":"Natural genetic transformation of Pseudomonas stutzeri by sand-adsorbed DNA.","Pagination":{"StartPage":"380","EndPage":"385","MedlinePgn":"380-5"},"Abstract":{"AbstractText":["In a soil\/sediment model system we have shown recently that a gram-positive bacterium with natural competence (Bacillus subtilis) can take up transforming DNA adsorbed to sand minerals. Here we examined whether also a naturally transformable soil bacterium of the gram-negative pseudomonad (Pseudomonas stutzeri) can be transformed by mineral-associated DNA. For these studies the transformation protocol of this species was further improved and characterized. The peak of competence during growth of P. stutzeri was determined to occur at the beginning of the stationary phase. The competence state was conserved during shock freezing and thawing of cells in 10% glycerol. Kinetic experiments showed that transformant formation after addition of DNA to competent cells proceeded for more than 2 h with DNA adsorption to cells being the rate limiting step. By means of the defined protocol P. stutzeri was shown to be transformed by sand-adsorbed DNA. Transformation by adsorbed or dissolved DNA occurred between 16 degrees and 44 degrees C. Efficiency and DNaseI-sensitivity of transformation by DNA adsorbed to sand or in liquid were comparable. It is concluded that uptake of particle-bound DNA by P. stutzeri in soil is possible. This finding adds evidence to the view that transformation occurs in natural environments where DNA is assumed to be significantly associated with mineral\/particulate material and thereby is protected against enzymatic degradation."]},"AuthorList":{"@attributes":{"CompleteYN":"Y"},"Author":[{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Lorenz","ForeName":"M G","Initials":"MG","AffiliationInfo":[{"Affiliation":"Arbeitsgruppe Genetik, Universit\u00e4t Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany."}]},{"@attributes":{"ValidYN":"Y"},"LastName":"Wackernagel","ForeName":"W","Initials":"W"}]},"Language":["eng"],"PublicationTypeList":{"PublicationType":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"D016428"},"@text":"Journal Article"},{"@attributes":{"UI":"D013485"},"@text":"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't"}]}},"MedlineJournalInfo":{"Country":"Germany","MedlineTA":"Arch Microbiol","NlmUniqueID":"0410427","ISSNLinking":"0302-8933"},"ChemicalList":{"Chemical":[{"RegistryNumber":"0","NameOfSubstance":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D004269"},"@text":"DNA, Bacterial"}}]},"CitationSubset":["IM"],"MeshHeadingList":{"MeshHeading":[{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D000327","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Adsorption"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D002499","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Centrifugation, Density Gradient"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D004269","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"DNA, Bacterial"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000378","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"metabolism"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D005374","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Filtration"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D007700","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Kinetics"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D011549","MajorTopicYN":"N"},"@text":"Pseudomonas"},"QualifierName":[{"@attributes":{"UI":"Q000235","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"genetics"}]},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D012988","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"Soil Microbiology"}},{"DescriptorName":{"@attributes":{"UI":"D014169","MajorTopicYN":"Y"},"@text":"Transformation, Bacterial"}}]}},"PubmedData":{"History":{"PubMedPubDate":[{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"pubmed"},"Year":"1990","Month":"1","Day":"1"},{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"medline"},"Year":"1990","Month":"1","Day":"1","Hour":"0","Minute":"1"},{"@attributes":{"PubStatus":"entrez"},"Year":"1990","Month":"1","Day":"1","Hour":"0","Minute":"0"}]},"PublicationStatus":"ppublish","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"2244790"},{"@attributes":{"IdType":"doi"},"@text":"10.1007\/BF00276535"}]},"ReferenceList":[{"Reference":[{"Citation":"Science. 1956 Sep 7;124(3219):441-2","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"13360267"}]}},{"Citation":"J Mol Biol. 1969 Oct 14;45(1):137-52","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"4981003"}]}},{"Citation":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1962 Jun 4;7:467-70","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"13919045"}]}},{"Citation":"J Gen Microbiol. 1988 Jan;134(1):107-12","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"3141561"}]}},{"Citation":"Appl Environ Microbiol. 1987 Dec;53(12):2948-52","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"3435148"}]}},{"Citation":"Environ Sci Technol. 1988 Aug 1;22(8):982-4","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"22195724"}]}},{"Citation":"Annu Rev Microbiol. 1986;40:211-35","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"3535646"}]}},{"Citation":"Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Feb 25;232(1):61-71","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"4995804"}]}},{"Citation":"Genet Res. 1968 Feb;11(1):83-96","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"4967650"}]}},{"Citation":"Mol Gen Genet. 1977 Oct 20;155(2):179-83","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"412055"}]}},{"Citation":"Appl Environ Microbiol. 1983 Aug;46(2):417-20","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"16346365"}]}},{"Citation":"J Bacteriol. 1983 Jan;153(1):93-9","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"6571730"}]}},{"Citation":"Anal Biochem. 1980 Mar 1;102(2):344-52","ArticleIdList":{"ArticleId":[{"@attributes":{"IdType":"pubmed"},"@text":"6158890"}]}}]}]}}}