テンプレート:Infobox calcium

Calcium
20Ca
Mg ↑ Ca ↓ Sr potassium ← calcium → scandium
Calcium in the periodic table
Appearance
dull gray, silver; with a pale yellow tint Spectral lines of calcium
General properties
Name, symbol, number	calcium, Ca, 20
Pronunciation	/ˈkælsiəm/
Element category	alkaline earth metal
Group, period, block	group 2 (alkaline earth metals), 4, s
Standard atomic weight	40.078(4)
Electron configuration	[Ar] 4s2 2, 8, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	1.55 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	1.378 g·cm−3
Melting point	1115 K, 842 °C, 1548 °F
Boiling point	1757 K, 1484 °C, 2703 °F
Heat of fusion	8.54 kJ·mol−1
Heat of	154.7 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	25.929 J·mol−1·K−1
pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 864 956 1071 1227 1443 1755
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+2, +1, −1 ((a strongly basic oxide))
Electronegativity	1.00 (Pauling scale)
energies (more)	1st: {{{1st ionization energy}}} kJ·mol−1
	2nd: {{{2nd ionization energy}}} kJ·mol−1
	3rd: {{{3rd ionization energy}}} kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	197 pm
Covalent radius	176±10 pm
Van der Waals radius	231 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 33.6Ω·m
Thermal conductivity	201 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 22.3 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 3810 m·s−1
Young's modulus	20 GPa
Shear modulus	7.4 GPa
Bulk modulus	17 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.31
Mohs hardness	1.75
Brinell hardness	170–416 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-70-2
History
Discovery	1808
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of calcium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 40Ca 96.941% >5.9×1021 y (β+β+) 0.194 40Ar 41Ca trace 1.03×105 y ε – 41K 42Ca 0.647% 42Ca is stable with 22 neutrons 43Ca 0.135% 43Ca is stable with 23 neutrons 44Ca 2.086% 44Ca is stable with 24 neutrons 45Ca syn 162.7 d β− 0.258 45Sc 46Ca 0.004% >8.8×1022 y (β−β−) 0.988 46Ti 47Ca syn 4.536 d β− 0.694, 1.99 47Sc γ 1.297 – 48Ca 0.187% 4.3×1019 y β−β− 4.274 48Ti (β−) 0.0058 48Sc Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.

Template documentation

Infoboxes for the chemical elements use the core template {{Infobox element}}.

Parameters

In general

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Parameter naming patterns

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ionization energy ref

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ionization energy comment

Numbered values make a list (except |atomic mass 2= used for uncertainty bracket notation):

ionization energy

ionization energy 2

ionization energy 3

Parameter list

This parameter list:  {{Infobox element <!-- top --> |image name= |image alt= |image size= |image name comment= |image name 2= |image alt 2= |image size 2= |image name 2 comment= <!-- General properties --> |name= |symbol= |pronounce= |pronounce ref= |pronounce comment= |pronounce 2= |alt name= |alt names= |allotropes= |appearance= <!-- Periodic table --> |above= |below= |left= |right= |number= |atomic mass= |atomic mass 2= |atomic mass ref= |atomic mass comment= |series= |series ref= |series comment= |series color= |group= |group ref= |group comment= |period= |period ref= |period comment= |block= |block ref= |block comment= |electron configuration= |electron configuration ref= |electron configuration comment= |electrons per shell= |electrons per shell ref= |electrons per shell comment= <!-- Physical properties --> |physical properties comment= |color= |phase= |phase ref= |phase comment= |melting point K= |melting point C= |melting point F= |melting point ref= |melting point comment= |boiling point K= |boiling point C= |boiling point F= |boiling point ref= |boiling point comment= |sublimation point K= |sublimation point C= |sublimation point F= |sublimation point ref= |sublimation point comment= |density gplstp= |density gplstp ref= |density gplstp comment= |density gpcm3nrt= |density gpcm3nrt ref= |density gpcm3nrt comment= |density gpcm3nrt 2= |density gpcm3nrt 2 ref= |density gpcm3nrt 2 comment= |density gpcm3nrt 3= |density gpcm3nrt 3 ref= |density gpcm3nrt 3 comment= |density gpcm3mp= |density gpcm3mp ref= |density gpcm3mp comment= |density gpcm3bp= |density gpcm3bp ref= |density gpcm3bp comment= |molar volume= |molar volume unit = |molar volume ref= |molar volume comment= |triple point K= |triple point kPa= |triple point ref= |triple point comment= |triple point K 2= |triple point kPa 2= |triple point 2 ref= |triple point 2 comment= |critical point K= |critical point MPa= |critical point ref= |critical point comment= |heat fusion= |heat fusion ref= |heat fusion comment= |heat fusion 2= |heat fusion 2 ref= |heat fusion 2 comment= |heat vaporization= |heat vaporization ref= |heat vaporization comment= |heat capacity= |heat capacity ref= |heat capacity comment= |heat capacity 2= |heat capacity 2 ref= |heat capacity 2 comment= |vapor pressure 1= |vapor pressure 10= |vapor pressure 100= |vapor pressure 1 k= |vapor pressure 10 k= |vapor pressure 100 k= |vapor pressure ref= |vapor pressure comment= |vapor pressure 1 2= |vapor pressure 10 2= |vapor pressure 100 2= |vapor pressure 1 k 2= |vapor pressure 10 k 2= |vapor pressure 100 k 2= |vapor pressure 2 ref= |vapor pressure 2 comment= <!-- Atomic properties --> |atomic properties comment= |oxidation states= |oxidation states ref= |oxidation states comment= |electronegativity= |electronegativity ref= |electronegativity comment= |ionization energy 1= |ionization energy 1 ref= |ionization energy 1 comment= |ionization energy 2= |ionization energy 2 ref= |ionization energy 2 comment= |ionization energy 3= |ionization energy 3 ref= |ionization energy 3 comment= |number of ionization energies= |ionization energy ref= |ionization energy comment= |atomic radius= |atomic radius ref= |atomic radius comment= |atomic radius calculated= |atomic radius calculated ref= |atomic radius calculated comment= |covalent radius= |covalent radius ref= |covalent radius comment= |Van der Waals radius= |Van der Waals radius ref= |Van der Waals radius comment= <!-- Miscellanea --> |crystal structure= |crystal structure prefix= |crystal structure ref= |crystal structure comment= |crystal structure 2= |crystal structure 2 prefix= |crystal structure 2 ref= |crystal structure 2 comment= |speed of sound= |speed of sound ref= |speed of sound comment= |speed of sound rod at 20= |speed of sound rod at 20 ref= |speed of sound rod at 20 comment= |speed of sound rod at r.t.= |speed of sound rod at r.t. ref= |speed of sound rod at r.t. comment= |thermal expansion= |thermal expansion ref= |thermal expansion comment= |thermal expansion at 25= |thermal expansion at 25 ref= |thermal expansion at 25 comment= |thermal conductivity= |thermal conductivity ref= |thermal conductivity comment= |thermal conductivity 2= |thermal conductivity 2 ref= |thermal conductivity 2 comment= |thermal diffusivity= |thermal diffusivity ref= |thermal diffusivity comment= |electrical resistivity= |electrical resistivity unit prefix= |electrical resistivity ref= |electrical resistivity comment= |electrical resistivity at 0= |electrical resistivity at 0 ref= |electrical resistivity at 0 comment= |electrical resistivity at 20= |electrical resistivity at 20 ref= |electrical resistivity at 20 comment= |band gap= |band gap ref= |band gap comment= |Curie point K= |Curie point ref= |Curie point comment= |magnetic ordering= |magnetic ordering ref= |magnetic ordering comment= |tensile strength= |tensile strength ref= |tensile strength comment= |Young's modulus= |Young's modulus ref= |Young's modulus comment= |Shear modulus= |Shear modulus ref= |Shear modulus comment= |Bulk modulus= |Bulk modulus ref= |Bulk modulus comment= |Poisson ratio= |Poisson ratio ref= |Poisson ratio comment= |Mohs hardness= |Mohs hardness ref= |Mohs hardness comment= |Mohs hardness 2= |Mohs hardness 2 ref= |Mohs hardness 2 comment= |Vickers hardness= |Vickers hardness ref= |Vickers hardness comment= |Brinell hardness= |Brinell hardness ref= |Brinell hardness comment= |CAS number= |CAS number ref= |CAS number comment= <!-- History --> |naming= |predicted by= |prediction date ref= |prediction date= |discovered by= |discovery date ref= |discovery date= |first isolation by= |first isolation date ref= |first isolation date= |discovery and first isolation by= |named by= |named date ref= |named date= |history comment label= |history comment= <!-- Isotopes --> |isotopes= |isotopes ref= |isotopes comment= |engvar= }} {{Infobox element}}; labels & notes:   (Image)       (Image 2)       GENERAL PROPERTIES Name Symbol Pronunciation       Alternative name(s)   Allotropes Appearance <element> IN THE PERIODIC TABLE Periodic table       Atomic number Standard atomic weight uncertainty to use in (bracket notation)     Element category (also header bg color)     (sets header bg color, over 'series='-color) Group     Period     Block     Electron configuration     Electrons per shell     PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (general note) Color Phase     Melting point         Boiling point         Sublimation point         Density [g/L at s.t.p.]     Density [g/cm3 near room temperature]      [g/cm3 near r.t.], #2      [g/cm3 near r.t.], #3     Density (liquid, melting point) [g/cm3]     Density (liquid, boiling point) [g/cm3]     Molar volume Unit defaults to cm3/mol  otherwise set unit prefix=d for dm3/mol (gases)   Triple point               Critical point       Heat of fusion           Heat of vaporization     Molar heat capacity           Vapor pressure               Vapor pressure               ATOMIC PROPERTIES Oxidation states     Electronegativity     Ionization energy                       Atomic radius           Covalent radius     Van der Waals radius     MISCELLANEA Crystal structure       Crystal structure       Speed of sound                 Thermal expansion           Thermal conductivity           Thermal diffusivity     Electrical resistivity                   Band gap     Curie point     Magnetic ordering     Tensile strength     Young's modulus     Shear modulus     Bulk modulus     Poisson ratio     Mohs hardness           Vickers hardness     Brinell hardness     CAS Number     HISTORY Naming Prediction   () Discovery   () First isolation   () Discovery and first isolation (1 or 2 dates) Named by   ()   (History comment) ISOTOPES OF <element> Isotopes of <element>   (wp:engvar)

Subtemplates

Isotopes

Isotopes

Isotopes are to be entered by the editor using these subtemplates: {{Infobox element/isotopes stable}} {{Infobox element/isotopes decay}} {{Infobox element/isotopes decay2}} {{Infobox element/isotopes decay3}} {{Infobox element/isotopes decay3 (2 2 1)}} {{Infobox element/isotopes decay4}} Examples (from various elements): | isotopes = {{Infobox element/isotopes stable | link=Fluorine-19 | mn=19 | sym=F | na=100% | n=10 }} {{Infobox element/isotopes decay | mn=251 | sym=Cf | na=trace | hl=898 y | dm=α | de=6.172 | link1=curium-247 | pn=247 | ps=Cm }} {{Infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=252 | sym=Cf | na=trace | hl=2.645 y | dm1=α (96.91%) | de1=6.217 | link1=curium-248 | pn1=248 | ps1=Cm | dm2=SF (3.09%) | de2=– | pn2= | ps2=– }} {{Infobox element/isotopes decay3 | mn=26 | sym=Al | na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]] | hl=7.17×105 y | dm1=[[Positron emission|β<sup>+</sup>]] | de1=1.17 | link1=magnesium-26 | pn1=26 | ps1=Mg | dm2=[[electron capture|ε]] | de2=– | link2=magnesium-26 | pn2=26 | ps2=Mg | dm3=[[Gamma radiation|γ]] | de3=1.8086 | pn3= | ps3=– }} {{Infobox element/isotopes decay3 (2 2 1) | mn=22 | sym=Na | na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]] | hl=[[1 E7 s|2.602 y]] | dm1=[[Beta decay|β<sup>+</sup>]]→[[Gamma decay|γ]] | de1a=0.5454 | link1a=neon-22 | pn1a=22 | ps1a=Ne* | de1b=1.27453(2)<ref name=npa521_1>{{cite journal|author=Endt, P. M. |title=Energy levels of A = 21–44 nuclei (VII) |journal=Nuclear Physics A }}</ref> | pn1b=22 | ps1b=Ne | dm2=[[electron capture|ε]]→[[Gamma decay|γ]] | de2a=– | pn2a=22 | ps2a=Ne* | de2b=1.27453(2) | pn2b=22 | ps2b=Ne | dm3=[[Beta decay|β<sup>+</sup>]] | de3=1.8200 | pn3=22 | ps3=Ne }} {{Infobox element/isotopes_decay4 | mn=260 | sym=Md | na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=31.8 [[day|d]] | dm1=SF | de1=– | pn1= | ps1=– | dm2=α | de2=7.000 | link2=einsteinium-256 | pn2=256 | ps2=Es | dm3=ε | de3=– | link3=fermium-260 | pn3=260 | ps3=Fm | dm4=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]] | de4=1.000 | link4=nobelium-260 | pn4=260 | ps4=No }} |isotopes comment=reference{{sfn|Chisté|2006 }}<br/><!-- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- --> * = [[excited state]] produces the subtable: Demo 00Xx {{{above}}} ↑ {{{symbol}}} ↓ {{{below}}} {{{left}}} ← demo → {{{right}}} Demo in the periodic table General properties Name, symbol, number demo, {{{symbol}}}, {{{number}}} Group, period, block group n/a, [[period {{{period}}} element|{{{period}}}]], [[{{{block}}}-block|{{{block}}}]] Standard atomic weight {{{atomic mass}}} Electron configuration {{{electron configuration}}} {{{electrons per shell}}} Physical properties Atomic properties Most stable isotopes Main article: Isotopes of demo iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 19F 100% 19F is stable with 10 neutrons 251Cf trace 898 y α 6.172 247Cm 252Cf trace 2.645 y α (96.91%) 6.217 248Cm SF (3.09%) – – 26Al trace 7.17×105 y β+ 1.17 26Mg ε – 26Mg γ 1.8086 – 22Na trace 2.602 y β+→γ 0.5454 22Ne* 1.27453(2) 22Ne ε→γ – 22Ne* 1.27453(2) 22Ne β+ 1.8200 22Ne 260Md syn 31.8 d SF – – α 7.000 256Es ε – 260Fm β− 1.000 260No reference * = excited state

Other

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• {{Infobox element/group}}
• {{Infobox element/category format}}
• {{Infobox element/periodic table}}

{{Periodic table (32 columns, micro)}}

When atomic number ≥ 119, the miniature periodic table shows an extended version (period 8 and up). See, for example, {{Infobox ununennium}}.

• {{Infobox element/vapor pressure table}}
• {{Infobox element/crystal structure}} (documentation)

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.

See also

• {{Infobox element}}
• Category:Infobox element templates
• Category:Periodic table infobox templates
• All subpages of Template:Infobox element
• Category:Element infobox templates that need attention

Index to chemical element infoboxes
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
1	1H ibox +/−																	2He ibox +/−
2	3Li ibox +/−	4Be ibox +/−											5B ibox +/−	6C ibox +/−	7N ibox +/−	8O ibox +/−	9F ibox +/−	10Ne ibox +/−
3	11Na ibox +/−	12Mg ibox +/−											13Al ibox +/−	14Si ibox +/−	15P ibox +/−	16S ibox +/−	17Cl ibox +/−	18Ar ibox +/−
4	19K ibox +/−	20Ca ibox +/−	21Sc ibox +/−	22Ti ibox +/−	23V ibox +/−	24Cr ibox +/−	25Mn ibox +/−	26Fe ibox +/−	27Co ibox +/−	28Ni ibox +/−	29Cu ibox +/−	30Zn ibox +/−	31Ga ibox +/−	32Ge ibox +/−	33As ibox +/−	34Se ibox +/−	35Br ibox +/−	36Kr ibox +/−
5	37Rb ibox +/−	38Sr ibox +/−	39Y ibox +/−	40Zr ibox +/−	41Nb ibox +/−	42Mo ibox +/−	43Tc ibox +/−	44Ru ibox +/−	45Rh ibox +/−	46Pd ibox +/−	47Ag ibox +/−	48Cd ibox +/−	49In ibox +/−	50Sn ibox +/−	51Sb ibox +/−	52Te ibox +/−	53 I  ibox +/−	54Xe ibox +/−
6	55Cs ibox +/−	56Ba ibox +/−	ファイル:Asterisks one.svg	72Hf ibox +/−	73Ta ibox +/−	74W ibox +/−	75Re ibox +/−	76Os ibox +/−	77Ir ibox +/−	78Pt ibox +/−	79Au ibox +/−	80Hg ibox +/−	81Tl ibox +/−	82Pb ibox +/−	83Bi ibox +/−	84Po ibox +/−	85At ibox +/−	86Rn ibox +/−
7	87Fr ibox +/−	88Ra ibox +/−	ファイル:Asterisks two.svg	104Rf ibox +/−	105Db ibox +/−	106Sg ibox +/−	107Bh ibox +/−	108Hs ibox +/−	109Mt ibox +/−	110Ds ibox +/−	111Rg ibox +/−	112Cn ibox +/−	113Uut ibox +/−	114Fl ibox +/−	115Uup ibox +/−	116Lv ibox +/−	117Uus ibox +/−	118Uuo ibox +/−
8	119Uue ibox +/−	120Ubn ibox +/−
ファイル:Asterisks one.svg			57La ibox +/−	58Ce ibox +/−	59Pr ibox +/−	60Nd ibox +/−	61Pm ibox +/−	62Sm ibox +/−	63Eu ibox +/−	64Gd ibox +/−	65Tb ibox +/−	66Dy ibox +/−	67Ho ibox +/−	68Er ibox +/−	69Tm ibox +/−	70Yb ibox +/−	71Lu ibox +/−
ファイル:Asterisks two.svg			89Ac ibox +/−	90Th ibox +/−	91Pa ibox +/−	92U ibox +/−	93Np ibox +/−	94Pu ibox +/−	95Am ibox +/−	96Cm ibox +/−	97Bk ibox +/−	98Cf ibox +/−	99Es ibox +/−	100Fm ibox +/−	101Md ibox +/−	102No ibox +/−	103Lr ibox +/−
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