平滑筋において、ノルアドレナリンα1受容体の活性化は、Gqを介してphospholipaseの活性化、inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)とdiacylglycerolの産生、IP3受容体の活性化による細胞内カルシウムストアからのカルシウム放出、myosin-light chain kinaseの活性化、そして結果的に筋収縮を引き起こす(<ref>D E Golan, A H Tashjian Jr, E J Armstrong, A W Armstrong<br> Principles of Pharmacology, Second Edition<br>Wolters Kluwer Health (Philadelphia):2002</ref>) (PMID: 11096123)。 逆に、アドレナリンによるβ2受容体の活性化は、Gsを介してPKAの活性化、MLCKのリン酸化による抑制の結果、筋弛緩をもたらすと考えられる(<ref>D E Golan, A H Tashjian Jr, E J Armstrong, A W Armstrong<br> Principles of Pharmacology, Second Edition<br>Wolters Kluwer Health (Philadelphia):2002</ref>)(PMID: 6259152)。
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