セプチン

提供:脳科学辞典
2012年1月18日 (水) 14:35時点におけるNagetaishihara (トーク | 投稿記録)による版

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英語名:Septin 英語略名:SEPT

セプチンは真核生物に保存された重合性グアノシン三リン酸(GTP)結合蛋白質ファミリーの総称である。セプチン重合体は多様な分子の足場ないし拡散障壁となり、樹状突起・軸索・繊毛鞭毛の形成、微小管系やアクトミオシン系の制御、細胞分裂、分泌小胞の エキソサイトーシスなど多彩な生命現象に関与する[1]。ヒトでは優性変異型SEPT9が家族性神経痛性筋萎縮症の原因となるほか[2]パーキンソン病統合失調症では複数のセプチンの量的・質的異常が随伴する。

歴史

細胞質分裂細胞質分裂(septation)と形態形成の異常を呈する出芽酵母出芽酵母Saccharomyces cerevisiaeの変異体Cdc3、Cdc10、Cdc11、Cdc12の原因遺伝子産物が出芽出芽部位の細胞膜細胞膜を環状に裏打ちするフィラメントの構成成分であることと、これらのホモログが多様な生物種に存在することが90年代半ばまでに判明し、セプチン(septin)と命名された引用エラー: <ref> タグに対応する </ref> タグが不足しています

(執筆者:上田(石原)奈津実、木下専、担当編集委員:林康紀)

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